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Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1

  When reviewing the articles in number 24 of “Intellectual Rights”, our flagship publication, the following words come to mind: Youth and democracy. Youth, because most of the articles contained in the two volumes were written by young members of the association who with their curiosity and interest illustrate in these pages about the various issues that concern them. Democracy, because the essays published in this book cover almost the entire spectrum of intellectual property, from classic topics such as trademark protection and copyright to artificial intelligence through traditional knowledge, genetic resources, law to the personal image, the use of mediation to prosecute crimes against intellectual property and criminal liability of legal persons. If the basis of democratic states is legal security and the existence of clear rules of law, all of our collaborators help us to better understand the current regulations on intellectual property. - Elisabeth Siemsen [su_accordion] [su_spoiler title="Indicaciones Geográficas: interpretación del artículo 24.4 del Acuerdo sobre los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionados con el comercio (ADPIC) por Ray Meloni García y Claudia Daniela Orihuela Tejada" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This article begins with a brief historical review of the creation of the World Trade Organization and the TRIPS Agreement, from the Havana Charter to the Uruguay Round. In addition, the link between intellectual property and international trade is analyzed. In a next stage, the regulation of geographical indications under the TRIPS Agreement is developed, as well as in other international instruments such as the Paris Convention, the Lisbon Agreement concerning the protection of appellations of origin and its International registration and the Madrid Agreement concerning the repression offalse or misleading indications of origin in the products. Finally, the exception contained in Article 24, paragraph 4, of the TRIPS Agreement linked to geographical indications is analyzed. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Vino nuevo en odres viejos: la creación a través de algoritmos de inteligencia artificial y el derecho de autor por Marcelo García Sellart " open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] The article addresses the impact that the intervention of technological means that emulate human thinking has on intellectual property rules. The article starts from the premise that the law and its institutions have been developed in a human scale and that is especially noted in the field of copyright law. The author takes in consideration some examples of the application of artificial intelligence for the creation of copyright works as triggers for reflecting about how copyright law applies to said works. From that perspective, the article analyzes issues like the concept of author and work, originality, moral rights, protection terms, plagiarism and civil and criminal rights. Finally, the author compares whether is more convenient to use an approach based on droit d’auteur or copyright for dealing with works created by artificial intelligence. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Obras en dominio público: posibilidad de apropiación por terceros a través del registro de marcas en Cuba por Lisset Castro Caballero" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Public domain of works allows free use for mankind, therefore it helps to reinforce culture access and to increase cultural heritage. Consequently it is relevant to achieve an adequate regulation around this legal system. Nevertheless there are different ways of appropriation of said works and to monopolize new rights based on those works which are already under a public domain system. One of those ways of misappropriation is to obtain a brand register based on them. Cubanlegislation has the legal tools for denying those kinds of trademarks in order to protect the general interest of the society. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="La conducta de los inventores independientes y la propuesta del “Qhapaq ñan de la innovación” por Alexander Trujillo Oré" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] The independent inventor is a rare human being, who finds his main motivation to investigate in everyday problems. He confronts society, the state and the business community, who often criticizes and exclude their proposals. This article aims to describe the heart and mind of that person, male or female, shredding their decisions and analyzing how they influence the generation of successful inventions. In the end, a proposal called the “Qhapaq Ñan de la Innovación” is included, aimed at supporting inventors who face problems in their ventures. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Acceso a conocimientos tradicionales (CC.TT.) asociados a recursos genéticos (RR.GT) y comunidades indígenas en el Protocolo de Nagoya por Martín Michaus Romero" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Several Latin American Countries as providers and users of genetic resources are members of the Nagoya Protocol. Traditional knowledge linked to genetic resources, was one of the main purposes of the negotiation of the Biological Diversity Convention of 1992, and the Nagoya Protocol of 2010. The latter provides the mechanism to the parties for Access to the Genetic Resources through the Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) principles. There is an interaction of different legal fields: human rights, cultural rights, environmental intellectual property protection and the indigenous rights. Several indigenous and local communities are providers of genetic resources. Under the 169 Convention and the Declaration of Indigenous Rights of the United Nations, as well as different Constitutions of the country members, recognized such rights as well as the right of consultation, as a condition to obtain their previous and inform consent. Nevertheless, the rights of the indigenous and local communities has not been correctly taken into consideration and in many countries as in Mexico, has affected and interrupted the implementation process of the Nagoya Protocol. There has been some progress in some other Latin American countries, but the rights of the Indigenous and local communities continue to be an issue to be considered, in order to conclude such process. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Recursos genéticos: desafíos del Ecuador para la correcta repartición de los beneficios monetarios y no monetarios por Mario Ruiz Fernández" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This paper aims to analyze the regulation and practice of access to genetic resources in Ecuador. The national and international norms that regulate the subject, the doctrine and some specific cases, allow the author to propose the application of some guidelines that would allow the State to be more efficient, to distribute the benefits resulting from the access contracts more equitably and to follow them up. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Críticas y propuestas al sistema de propiedad intelectual 176 por Natalia Tobón Franco" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] The author argues that some criticisms of the existing intellectual property regime make sense and that it is pertinent to think of certain legislative changes wherever they are deemed necessary because history operates like a pendulum: Whenever something is exaggerated (in our case the excessive protection), there is a tendency to return to the previous state (zero protection). It is proposed to shorten the terms of protection of software, protect databases through contracts and laws of unfair competition, verify the legislation on three-dimensional marks and avoid evergreening. After all, intellectual property, looking into perspective, is only a legal fiction that, although serves to recognize and encourage inventors and artists to create more and better works and inventions, it also has as its fundamental mission to enrich the “public pool of knowledge”. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="El derecho a la imagen personal en Colombia por Camilo Reyes Arango" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This article is the result of an investigation, comprising all the case law issued by Colombia´s Constitutional Court in matters of publicity right. This article also shows how regulation in other branches of the law, such as copyright, unfair competition and the right to privacy (personal data) has impacted publicity right. The article addresses the concept, scope, content and limitations of publicity right in Colombia and explains the legal requirements to grant its use on behalf of third parties, even when the license is granted after the right holder has passed away. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="El uso de la mediación para resolver delitos contra la propiedad intelectual: el caso paraguayo por María Gabriela Talavera García" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Access to justice through a due process is of paramount importance to guarantee the social rule of law and the economic activity of a country. Judicial authorities have the difficult task to manage justice, encourage knowledge of the law and build trust and credibility of the litigants, in the course of an efficient, equitable and accessible system. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms and among them mediation, are indispensable for this commitment, since they serve to relieve the burden of courts when disputed technology goes beyond current legal structures. It is also beneficial to construct new business opportunities and strengthen the liaison between the parties. With regards to offenses that attempt against intellectual property rights, there is a general tendency to foster the use of ADR´s and specifically mediation as appropriate media to resolve those types of disputes. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídica en el delito contra la propiedad intelectual en Ecuador por Nicolás Ricardo Muñoz" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This paper analyzes the figure of the criminal responsibility of the legal person in the crime against intellectual property in Ecuador. It seeks to establish whether its classification, which revolves solely around copyright and product brands, has some basis, since the criminal rate was not originally included in the Organic Comprehensive Criminal Code - COIP - in 2014, but had to be incorporated through reform in 2015. [/su_spoiler] [/su_accordion] [post_title] => Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1 [post_excerpt] => Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1   When reviewing the articles in number 24 of “Intellectual Rights”, our flagship publication, the following words come to mind: Youth and democracy. Youth, because most of the articles contained in the two volumes were written by young members of the association who with their curiosity and interest illustrate in […] [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => derechos-intelectuales-24-tomo-1 [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2023-05-09 14:04:14 [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-05-09 14:04:14 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://asipi.org/biblioteca/?post_type=wpdmpro&p=1183 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => wpdmpro [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw [post_content_ml] => [:es]

Derechos Intelectuales 24 Tomo I

  Al revisar los artículos del número 24 de “Derechos Intelectuales”, nuestra publicación insignia, me vienen a la mente las siguientes palabras: Juventud y democracia. Juventud, porque la mayoría de los artículos que contienen los dos tomos fueron elaborados por miembros jóvenes de la asociación que con su curiosidad e interés nos ilustran en estas páginas sobre los diversos temas que les preocupan. Democracia, porque los ensayos que se publican en esta obra tratan casi todo el espectro de la propiedad intelectual desde temas clásicos como la protección a las marcas y el derecho de autor hasta la inteligencia artificial pasando por los conocimientos tradicionales, los recursos genéticos, el derecho a la magen personal, el uso de la mediación para procesar delitos contra la propiedad intelectual y la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas. Si la base de los estados democráticos es la seguridad jurídica y la existencia de unas reglas de derecho claras, todos nuestros colaboradores nos ayudan a entender mejor las regulaciones vigentes en materia de propiedad intelectual. - Elisabeth Siemsen [su_accordion] [su_spoiler title="Indicaciones Geográficas: interpretación del artículo 24.4 del Acuerdo sobre los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionados con el comercio (ADPIC) por Ray Meloni García y Claudia Daniela Orihuela Tejada" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Este artículo inicia con una breve reseña histórica sobre la creación de la Organización Mundial del Comercio, la Carta de la Habana y la Ronda de Uruguay. En una siguiente etapa desarrolla la regulación de las indicaciones geográficas en el marco del Acuerdo de ADPIC, así como en otros instrumentos internacionales como el Convenio de la Unión de Paris, el Arreglo de Lisboa relativo a la protección de las denominaciones de origen y su registro Internacional, y el Arreglo de Madrid relativo a la represión de las indicaciones de procedencia falsas o engañosas en los productos. Finalmente, analiza el supuesto de excepción contenido en el artículo 24, párrafo 4°, del Acuerdo de ADPIC, vinculado a las indicaciones geográficas. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Vino nuevo en odres viejos: la creación a través de algoritmos de inteligencia artificial y el derecho de autor por Marcelo García Sellart " open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] La creación de obras artísticas con la intervención de un medio tecnológico que emula el pensamiento humano rompe los esquemas clásicos del derecho de autor y por ende, de la propiedad intelectual. El autor cita algunos ejemplos que operan como detonantes para reflexionar sobre la noción de autor y obra, la originalidad, los derechos morales, los plazos de protección, el plagio y la responsabilidad civil y penal derivada del plagio. Al final se analiza si es más conveniente aplicarles a estas obras un enfoque de protección más cercano al derecho de autor o si resulta más útil el enfoque del copyright. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Obras en dominio público: posibilidad de apropiación por terceros a través del registro de marcas en Cuba por Lisset Castro Caballero" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Las obras en el dominio público permiten su libre uso por todos y en consecuencia, coadyuvan al aumento del acervo cultural. De ahí la relevancia de una adecuada regulación en torno a dicha figura. No obstante, existen diversas formas de apropiarse de esas obras o parte de ellas, revirtiéndose en favor de terceros derechos que se vuelven monopólicos. Una de esas formas de apropiación es el registro de marcas de obras en dominio público. La legislación cubana cuenta con las herramientas legales para denegar este tipo de solicitudes en aras de proteger el interés general. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="La conducta de los inventores independientes y la propuesta del “Qhapaq ñan de la innovación” por Alexander Trujillo Oré" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] El inventor independiente es un ser humano poco común, que encuentra su principal motivación para investigar en los problemas cotidianos. A menudo se enfrenta a la sociedad, al Estado y al empresariado, que suelen criticar y excluir sus propuestas. Este artículo pretende describir el corazón y la mente de esa persona, hombre o mujer, desmenuzar sus decisiones y analizar cómo éstas influyen en la generación de invenciones exitosas. Al final se incluye una propuesta holística denominada el “Qhapaq Ñan de la Innovación” o “Camino de la innovación” sugerida por Asociación Nacional de Inventores del Perú (ASONIP), la cual está dirigida a asesorar a los inventores peruanos en sus emprendimientos. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Acceso a conocimientos tradicionales (CC.TT.) asociados a recursos genéticos (RR.GT) y comunidades indígenas en el Protocolo de Nagoya por Martín Michaus Romero" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Varios países latinoamericanos como proveedores y usuarios de recursos genéticos son miembros del Protocolo de Nagoya. El conocimiento tradicional vinculado a los recursos genéticos fue uno de los principales propósitos de la negociación del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica de 1992 y el Protocolo de Nagoya de 2010. Este último proporciona un mecanismo a las partes para el acceso a los recursos genéticos y repartición de beneficios (ABS).  En esta materia existe una interacción entre diferentes campos legales: derechos humanos, derechos culturales, protección de la propiedad intelectual ambiental y los derechos indígenas. Varias comunidades indígenas y locales son proveedoras de recursos genéticos. De conformidad con la Convención 169 y la Declaración de Derechos Indígenas de las Naciones Unidas, así como las diferentes Constituciones de los países miembros, tales derechos están reconocidos, así como el derecho de consulta, como condición para obtener su consentimiento previo e informado. Sin embargo, los derechos de las comunidades indígenas y locales no se han tenido en cuenta correctamente y en muchos países, como en México, han afectado e interrumpido el proceso de implementación del Protocolo de Nagoya. Ha habido algún progreso en algunos otros países latinoamericanos, pero los derechos de las comunidades indígenas y locales siguen siendo un tema a considerar para poder concluir ese proceso. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Recursos genéticos: desafíos del Ecuador para la correcta repartición de los beneficios monetarios y no monetarios por Mario Ruiz Fernández" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la regulación y la práctica de los contratos de acceso a recursos genéticos en Ecuador. Para el efecto se revisan las normas nacionales e internacionales que regulan la materia, la doctrina y algunos casos concretos. Al final el autor propone la aplicación de algunas estrategias que le facilitarían al Estado ecuatoriano ser más eficiente cuando negocia estos contratos y distribuir más equitativamente los beneficios monetarios y no monetarios resultantes. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Críticas y propuestas al sistema de propiedad intelectual 176 por Natalia Tobón Franco" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] La autora sostiene que algunas críticas al régimen de propiedad intelectual existente tienen sentido y que es pertinente pensar en ciertos cambios legislativos pues la historia opera como un péndulo: Siempre que se exagera con algo (en nuestro caso la protección excesiva), existe la tendencia a retornar al estado anterior (cero protección). Se propone acortar los plazos de protección del software, amparar las bases de datos mediante contratos y leyes contra la competencia desleal, verificar la legislación sobre marcas tridimensionales y en general, evitar el evergreening. Al fin y al cabo la propiedad intelectual, mirada en perspectiva, es sólo una ficción legal que, si bien sirve para reconocer e incentivar a los inventores y artistas para que creen más y mejores trabajos, también tiene como misión fundamental enriquecer la “piscina pública del conocimiento”. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="El derecho a la imagen personal en Colombia por Camilo Reyes Arango" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación jurisprudencial que integra la totalidad de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia en materia de derecho de imagen personal y la articula con otras ramas del derecho como el derecho de autor, la competencia desleal y el derecho de privacidad (datos personales). En el mismo se abordan temas como el concepto, alcance, contenido y limitaciones del derecho de imagen personal, al igual que los requisitos para que pueda autorizarse su uso por parte de terceros, inclusive cuando esto ocurre con posterioridad a la muerte de su titular. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="El uso de la mediación para resolver delitos contra la propiedad intelectual: el caso paraguayo por María Gabriela Talavera García" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] El acceso a la justicia mediante el debido proceso es de vital importancia para garantizar el estado social de derecho y la actividad económica de un país. El Poder Judicial tiene la difícil tarea de administrar la justicia, fomentar el conocimiento de la ley y brindar la confianza y credibilidad a los justiciables, a través de un sistema eficiente, equitativo y accesible. Los métodos alternos de solución de controversias (MASC)1 y entre ellos la mediación, resultan indispensables para este cometido, puesto que sirven para aliviar la carga de trabajo de los juzgados, erigir nuevas posibilidades de negocio y resultan beneficiosos para lograr el fortalecimiento de la relación entre las partes. En lo que respecta a los delitos que atentan contra los derechos de propiedad intelectual, existe una tendencia generalizada a propiciar el uso de los MASC. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídica en el delito contra la propiedad intelectual en Ecuador por Nicolás Ricardo Muñoz" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] El presente trabajo analiza la figura de la responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídica en el delito contra la propiedad intelectual en el Ecuador. El mismo busca establecer si su tipificación, que gira únicamente en torno a los derechos de autor y las marcas de productos, tiene algún fundamento, ya que el tipo penal no fue originalmente incluido en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal –COIP– en el año 2014, sino que tuvo que ser incorporado mediante reforma en el año 2015. [/su_spoiler] [/su_accordion]  [:en]

Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1

  When reviewing the articles in number 24 of “Intellectual Rights”, our flagship publication, the following words come to mind: Youth and democracy. Youth, because most of the articles contained in the two volumes were written by young members of the association who with their curiosity and interest illustrate in these pages about the various issues that concern them. Democracy, because the essays published in this book cover almost the entire spectrum of intellectual property, from classic topics such as trademark protection and copyright to artificial intelligence through traditional knowledge, genetic resources, law to the personal image, the use of mediation to prosecute crimes against intellectual property and criminal liability of legal persons. If the basis of democratic states is legal security and the existence of clear rules of law, all of our collaborators help us to better understand the current regulations on intellectual property. - Elisabeth Siemsen [su_accordion] [su_spoiler title="Indicaciones Geográficas: interpretación del artículo 24.4 del Acuerdo sobre los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionados con el comercio (ADPIC) por Ray Meloni García y Claudia Daniela Orihuela Tejada" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This article begins with a brief historical review of the creation of the World Trade Organization and the TRIPS Agreement, from the Havana Charter to the Uruguay Round. In addition, the link between intellectual property and international trade is analyzed. In a next stage, the regulation of geographical indications under the TRIPS Agreement is developed, as well as in other international instruments such as the Paris Convention, the Lisbon Agreement concerning the protection of appellations of origin and its International registration and the Madrid Agreement concerning the repression offalse or misleading indications of origin in the products. Finally, the exception contained in Article 24, paragraph 4, of the TRIPS Agreement linked to geographical indications is analyzed. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Vino nuevo en odres viejos: la creación a través de algoritmos de inteligencia artificial y el derecho de autor por Marcelo García Sellart " open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] The article addresses the impact that the intervention of technological means that emulate human thinking has on intellectual property rules. The article starts from the premise that the law and its institutions have been developed in a human scale and that is especially noted in the field of copyright law. The author takes in consideration some examples of the application of artificial intelligence for the creation of copyright works as triggers for reflecting about how copyright law applies to said works. From that perspective, the article analyzes issues like the concept of author and work, originality, moral rights, protection terms, plagiarism and civil and criminal rights. Finally, the author compares whether is more convenient to use an approach based on droit d’auteur or copyright for dealing with works created by artificial intelligence. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Obras en dominio público: posibilidad de apropiación por terceros a través del registro de marcas en Cuba por Lisset Castro Caballero" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Public domain of works allows free use for mankind, therefore it helps to reinforce culture access and to increase cultural heritage. Consequently it is relevant to achieve an adequate regulation around this legal system. Nevertheless there are different ways of appropriation of said works and to monopolize new rights based on those works which are already under a public domain system. One of those ways of misappropriation is to obtain a brand register based on them. Cubanlegislation has the legal tools for denying those kinds of trademarks in order to protect the general interest of the society. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="La conducta de los inventores independientes y la propuesta del “Qhapaq ñan de la innovación” por Alexander Trujillo Oré" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] The independent inventor is a rare human being, who finds his main motivation to investigate in everyday problems. He confronts society, the state and the business community, who often criticizes and exclude their proposals. This article aims to describe the heart and mind of that person, male or female, shredding their decisions and analyzing how they influence the generation of successful inventions. In the end, a proposal called the “Qhapaq Ñan de la Innovación” is included, aimed at supporting inventors who face problems in their ventures. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Acceso a conocimientos tradicionales (CC.TT.) asociados a recursos genéticos (RR.GT) y comunidades indígenas en el Protocolo de Nagoya por Martín Michaus Romero" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Several Latin American Countries as providers and users of genetic resources are members of the Nagoya Protocol. Traditional knowledge linked to genetic resources, was one of the main purposes of the negotiation of the Biological Diversity Convention of 1992, and the Nagoya Protocol of 2010. The latter provides the mechanism to the parties for Access to the Genetic Resources through the Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) principles. There is an interaction of different legal fields: human rights, cultural rights, environmental intellectual property protection and the indigenous rights. Several indigenous and local communities are providers of genetic resources. Under the 169 Convention and the Declaration of Indigenous Rights of the United Nations, as well as different Constitutions of the country members, recognized such rights as well as the right of consultation, as a condition to obtain their previous and inform consent. Nevertheless, the rights of the indigenous and local communities has not been correctly taken into consideration and in many countries as in Mexico, has affected and interrupted the implementation process of the Nagoya Protocol. There has been some progress in some other Latin American countries, but the rights of the Indigenous and local communities continue to be an issue to be considered, in order to conclude such process. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Recursos genéticos: desafíos del Ecuador para la correcta repartición de los beneficios monetarios y no monetarios por Mario Ruiz Fernández" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This paper aims to analyze the regulation and practice of access to genetic resources in Ecuador. The national and international norms that regulate the subject, the doctrine and some specific cases, allow the author to propose the application of some guidelines that would allow the State to be more efficient, to distribute the benefits resulting from the access contracts more equitably and to follow them up. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Críticas y propuestas al sistema de propiedad intelectual 176 por Natalia Tobón Franco" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] The author argues that some criticisms of the existing intellectual property regime make sense and that it is pertinent to think of certain legislative changes wherever they are deemed necessary because history operates like a pendulum: Whenever something is exaggerated (in our case the excessive protection), there is a tendency to return to the previous state (zero protection). It is proposed to shorten the terms of protection of software, protect databases through contracts and laws of unfair competition, verify the legislation on three-dimensional marks and avoid evergreening. After all, intellectual property, looking into perspective, is only a legal fiction that, although serves to recognize and encourage inventors and artists to create more and better works and inventions, it also has as its fundamental mission to enrich the “public pool of knowledge”. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="El derecho a la imagen personal en Colombia por Camilo Reyes Arango" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This article is the result of an investigation, comprising all the case law issued by Colombia´s Constitutional Court in matters of publicity right. This article also shows how regulation in other branches of the law, such as copyright, unfair competition and the right to privacy (personal data) has impacted publicity right. The article addresses the concept, scope, content and limitations of publicity right in Colombia and explains the legal requirements to grant its use on behalf of third parties, even when the license is granted after the right holder has passed away. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="El uso de la mediación para resolver delitos contra la propiedad intelectual: el caso paraguayo por María Gabriela Talavera García" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] Access to justice through a due process is of paramount importance to guarantee the social rule of law and the economic activity of a country. Judicial authorities have the difficult task to manage justice, encourage knowledge of the law and build trust and credibility of the litigants, in the course of an efficient, equitable and accessible system. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms and among them mediation, are indispensable for this commitment, since they serve to relieve the burden of courts when disputed technology goes beyond current legal structures. It is also beneficial to construct new business opportunities and strengthen the liaison between the parties. With regards to offenses that attempt against intellectual property rights, there is a general tendency to foster the use of ADR´s and specifically mediation as appropriate media to resolve those types of disputes. [/su_spoiler] [su_spoiler title="Responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídica en el delito contra la propiedad intelectual en Ecuador por Nicolás Ricardo Muñoz" open="no" style="default" icon="plus" anchor="" anchor_in_url="no" class=""] This paper analyzes the figure of the criminal responsibility of the legal person in the crime against intellectual property in Ecuador. It seeks to establish whether its classification, which revolves solely around copyright and product brands, has some basis, since the criminal rate was not originally included in the Organic Comprehensive Criminal Code - COIP - in 2014, but had to be incorporated through reform in 2015. [/su_spoiler] [/su_accordion][:] [post_content_langs] => Array ( [es] => 1 [en] => 1 ) [post_title_ml] => [:es]Derechos Intelectuales 24. Tomo 1[:en]Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1[:] [post_title_langs] => Array ( [es] => 1 [en] => 1 ) [title] => Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1 [description] =>

Intellectual Rights 24. Volume 1

 

When reviewing the articles in number 24 of “Intellectual Rights”, our flagship publication, the following words come to mind: Youth and democracy. Youth, because most of the articles contained in the two volumes were written by young members of the association who with their curiosity and interest illustrate in these pages about the various issues that concern them. Democracy, because the essays published in this book cover almost the entire spectrum of intellectual property, from classic topics such as trademark protection and copyright to artificial intelligence through traditional knowledge, genetic resources, law to the personal image, the use of mediation to prosecute crimes against intellectual property and criminal liability of legal persons. If the basis of democratic states is legal security and the existence of clear rules of law, all of our collaborators help us to better understand the current regulations on intellectual property.

- Elisabeth Siemsen

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